Declining since 2007, #3,181 for boys today.
Popularity of Esau since 1880
Babies named Esau per year in U.S. Social Security records. Raw births topped out in 2007, but relative to how few babies were recorded back then, Esau's real moment was 1902.
Data table (by decade)
| Decade | Boys |
|---|---|
| 1880s | 10 |
| 1890s | 28 |
| 1900s | 34 |
| 1910s | 127 |
| 1920s | 156 |
| 1930s | 150 |
| 1940s | 160 |
| 1950s | 155 |
| 1960s | 114 |
| 1970s | 149 |
| 1980s | 245 |
| 1990s | 368 |
| 2000s | 644 |
| 2010s | 409 |
| 2020s | 227 |
Meaning & origin
Esau is a biblical name with ancient roots but very low modern usage. Since 1880, it peaked in 1902 at rank 400, but has since declined sharply. Over the past century, Esau has fallen from moderate use to near obscurity, and since 2007 it has been on a falling trajectory. In 2025, the name ranks 3,181st and is given to roughly 1 in 46,164 newborn boys, a stark contrast to its peak year. Texas, where it appeared as a top state for the name, shows some regional persistence. Esau's heavy religious associations, particularly the story of losing his birthright, may limit its appeal. The name remains a niche choice for families seeking a distinctive Old Testament name with clear biblical ties.
Esau is a biblical name from the Old Testament, the elder son of Isaac and Rebecca and twin brother of Jacob. The name is traditionally explained as deriving from the Hebrew word 'se'ir' (hairy), referring to Esau's appearance at birth (Genesis 25:25). In the biblical narrative, Esau sells his birthright to Jacob for a meal of lentil stew, and his descendants become the Edomites. Despite its ancient origins, the name has seen limited use in English-speaking countries, mostly among families with strong religious traditions.
Where Esau is most popular
Births per 100,000 boys by state, 2025. The lightest shade means too few recorded births.
Sibling names for Esau
Names that share Esau's style, for a brother or sister.
